LITERATURE REVIEW: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ACUPUNCTURE IN MALE INFERTILITY TREATMENT
Abstract
Infertilitas adalah suatu kondisi ketidakmampuan pasangan untuk hamil setelah melakukan hubungan seksual selama satu tahun atau lebih tanpa menggunakan kontrasepsi. Pada infertilitas, faktor pria berperan sekitar 30-50%. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi infertilitas pada pria, salah satunya adalah parameter pria yang tidak normal. Terapi untuk mengatasi infertilitas pria dapat berupa farmakologi dan non farmakologi, salah satu terapi non farmakologi adalah akupunktur. Tujuan dari tinjauan pustaka ini adalah untuk mengetahui mekanisme molekuler akupunktur dalam pengobatan infertilitas pria. Jenis penelitian ini adalah tinjauan literatur dengan analisis sistematis. Sumber data penelitian ini berasal dari Google Scholar dengan menggunakan kata pencarian di internet, yaitu molekuler, infertilitas dan akupunktur. Diperoleh 7 artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2005 sampai 2023 dan yang kemudian dianalisis tujuan, kesesuaian topik, dan variabel yang digunakan. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan adalah jurnal yang bertemakan infertilitas pria dan akupunktur serta jurnal berbahasa Inggris. Sedangkan kriteria eksklusi adalah jurnal yang tidak ada pembahasan mengenai mekanisme molekuler dan jurnal yang tidak lengkap. Pada infertilitas pria, akupunktur dapat memperbaiki disfungsi seksual pria, analisis air mani yang abnormal, infertilitas imunologi, peradangan genital, varikokel, dan infertilitas pria idiopatik. Mekanisme akupunktur adalah meningkatkan sirkulasi darah pada testis dan epididimis, mengurangi kadar ROS air mani, mengurangi peradangan, memodulasi sistem kekebalan tubuh, dan meningkatkan motilitas sperma dan parameter air mani.
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