PENGGUNAAN MHEALTH PADA PASIEN PASCA RAWAT INAP PENYAKIT KRONIS: LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstrak
Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) kronis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global. Pasien dalam kondisi medis kronis seringkali mengalami kesulitan dalam manajemen penyakitnya secara mandiri terutama setelah keluar dari rumah sakit. Kesenjangan informasi dan kemampuan pasien dalam memelihara dan meningkatkan kondisi kesehatan pasca rawat inap menjadi tantangan tersendiri. Salah satu upaya penanganan penyakit kronis bagi pasien pasca rawat inap adalah pemanfaatan teknologi kesehatan mobile (mHealth). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manfaat dan tantangan penggunaan mHealth dalam pengelolaan mandiri penyakit kronis pada pasien pasca rawat inap. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review penelusuran artikel pada electronic database yaitu ProQuest, Scopus, dan PubMed dengan tahun publikasi 2019-2023. Hasil review 7 artikel terpilih menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan mHealth pada pasien pasca rawat inap penyakit kronis dapat memfasilitasi pasien dalam perubahan perilaku dan memudahkan interaksi dengan tenaga kesehatan. Selain itu juga berpotensi untuk mengurangi readmisi pasien dan menurunkan biaya perawatan. Adapun yang menjadi tantangan dalam penggunaan mHealth pada pasien pasca rawat inap penyakit kronis adalah rendahnya kepatuhan karena kehilangan minat, ketidaknyamanan saat menggunakan perangkat, kelelahan, status sosial ekonomi dan budaya pasien. Opsi pembuatan mHealth menggunakan strategi gamifikasi untuk meningkatkan motivasi intrinsik perlu dipertimbangkan, namun rekomendasi tentang komponen keceriaan, personalisasi, umpan balik kinerja dan keamanan juga penting. Oleh karena itu, perlu diperhatikan untuk mengkaji preferensi pasien, keterlibatan profesional kesehatan dan perancang mHealth serta kampanye komunikasi yang menekankan tentang pertukaran informasi yang dapat diandalkan dan benar.
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Referensi
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