THE EFFECTS OF SEA SAND THERAPY ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND PULSE RATE
Abstrak
Kejawanan has gained prominence as a noteworthy destination due to its distinctive practice of sand therapy, closely intertwined with mystical beliefs and cultural traditions. In addition, sand and water contain minerals that can benefit health. Further scientific research is needed to validate the direct benefits of such therapeutic practices. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sea sand therapy on blood pressure and heart rate. A quantitative quasi-experimental design was employed with 34 participants divided into treatment and control groups. Purposive sampling was used to assign participants. Sea sand therapy involved applying a mixture of sand and seawater to limbs for 15 minutes. Both groups underwent pre- and post-intervention measurements. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test revealed significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate in the intervention group (p<0.050), while the control group showed no significant changes (p=1.000). Specifically, the mean systolic blood pressure decreased by 6.88 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure by 4.35 mmHg, and heart rate by 6.18 beats per minute post-intervention. These findings suggest that sea sand therapy at Kejawanan Beach is effective in reducing blood pressure and heart rate, indicating its potential as a complementary therapy for managing hypertension. Further research needs to investigate the influence of suggestion and belief as confounding factors affecting changes in blood pressure and pulse rate in individuals undergoing sea sand therapy
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Referensi
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34. Verhagen AP, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Boers M, et al. Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis. An abridged version of Cochrane Systematic Review. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2015;51(6): 833-847. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26158921/
35. Boecker H, Sprenger T, Spilker ME, et al. The runner’s high: Opioidergic mechanisms in the human brain. Cerebral Cortex. 2008;18(11): 2523-2531. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn013
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2. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Penyakit Jantung Koroner Didominasi Masyarakat Kota. https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20210927/5638626/penyakit-jantung-koroner-didominasi-masyarakat-kota/.
3. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Hari Jantung Sedunia (World Heart Day): Your Heart is Our Heart Too. https://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/hari-jantung-sedunia-world-heart-day-your-heart-is-our-heart-too#:~:text=Setidaknya%2C%2015%20dari%201000%20orang,ekonomi%20dan%20sosial%20terhadap%20masyarakat.
4. Verbrugge FH, Guazzi M, Testani JM, Borlaug BA. Altered Hemodynamics and End-Organ Damage in Heart Failure: Impact on the Lung and Kidney. Circulation. 2020; 142(10): 998–1012. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.045409
5. Moini Jazani A, Nasimi Doost Azgomi H, Nasimi Doost Azgomi A, Nasimi Doost Azgomi R. Effect of hydrotherapy, balneotherapy, and spa therapy on blood pressure: a mini-review. Int J Biometeorol. 2023;67(1):1387–1396. doi:10.1007/s00484-023-02512-5
6. Castellano-Tejedor C. Non-Pharmacological Interventions for the Management of Chronic Health Conditions and Non-Communicable Diseases. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(14);8536. doi:10.3390/ijerph19148536
7. Singh P, Gupta RK, Jan R, Raina SK. Adherence for medication among self-reporting rural elderly with diabetes and hypertension. JMS - Journal of Medical Society. 2017;31(2);86-89. doi:10.4103/jms.jms_48_16
8. Lin PH, Tyson CC, Batch BC, Svetkey LP. Nutrition, lifestyle, and hypertension. In: Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease. 2017;28(1): 625-655. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-802928-2.00028-X
9. Verma N, Rastogi S, Chia YC, et al. Non-pharmacological management of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens. 2021;23(7): 1275–1283. doi:10.1111/jch.14236
10. Antonelli M, Donelli D. Effects of balneotherapy and spa therapy on levels of cortisol as a stress biomarker: a systematic review. Int J Biometeorol. 2018;62(6):913-924. doi:10.1007/s00484-018-1504-8
11. Magotra A. A study on the role of Mud therapy for the maintenance of health. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences.2019; 4(2):102-105. doi:10.21760/jaims.4.2.19
12. Mourelle ML, Gómez CP, Legido JL. The potential use of marine microalgae and cyanobacteria in cosmetics and thalassotherapy. Cosmetics. 2017;4(4):46-60. doi:10.3390/cosmetics4040046
13. Morer C, Michan-Doña A, Alvarez-Badillo A, Zuluaga P, Maraver F. Evaluation of the feasibility of a two-week course of aquatic therapy and thalassotherapy in a mild post-stroke population. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(21):8163-8177. doi:10.3390/ijerph17218163
14. Anup JR, Christopher J G. Marine Products and Methods of Thalassotherapy: A Review. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM). 2020;2(3):126-130. doi:10.35629/5252-0203126130
15. Dandinoglu T, Dandin O, Ergin T, et al. Can balneotherapy improve the bowel motility in chronically constipated middle-aged and elderly patients? Int J Biometeorol. 2017;61(6):1139-1148. doi:10.1007/s00484-016-1295-8
16. Hasyar ARA, Rasyid H, Idris I, Yusuf I. Effect of artificial carbon dioxide-rich water immersion on peripheral blood flow in healthy volunteers: Preliminary study about artificial carbon dioxide-rich water. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021;9(A):527-531. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2021.6591
17. Tefner IK, Gaál R, Koroknai A, et al. The effect of Neydharting mud-pack therapy on knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, controlled, double-blind follow-up pilot study. Rheumatol Int. 2013;33(10). doi:10.1007/s00296-013-2776-2
18. Xu YJ, Elimban V, Dhalla NS. Carbon dioxide water-bath treatment augments peripheral blood flow through the development of angiogenesis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2017;95(8):1-26. doi:10.1139/cjpp-2017-0125
19. Widakdo G, Besral B. Effects of Chronic Illness to the Mental Emotional Disorders. National Public Health Journal. 2013;7(7):310-316. https://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v7i7.29
20. Handayani M, Mauliani SF, Rahman Tsani R, Hartanto M. Strategi Pengembangan Destinasi Wisata Bahari Dan Sumber Daya Wisata PantaiKejawanan Kelurahan Pegambiran, Kecamatan Lemahwungkuk Di Kota CirebonProvinsiJawa Barat. Jurnal Kemaritiman: Indonesian Journal of Maritime. 2021;2(2):71-76.
21. Firdaus H, Nur’aeni N, Sembiring A, et al. Policy Brief Seraphy: Pengelolaan Terapi Pasir Di Pantai Kejawanan Yang Aman Dan Berkelanjutan. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Padjadjaran. 2023. https://fpik.unpad.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/POLICY-BRIEF-SERAPHY.pdf
22. Anggraeni SR, Nursiswati N, Sari DS. Diseminasi Hasil Kajian Ilmiah Khasiat Terapi Pasir Bagi Pengelola Pantai Kejawanan. Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM). 2024;7(6):2525-2534. doi:10.33024/jkpm.v7i6.14749
23. Gomes C de SF. Naturotherapies Based on Minerals. Geomaterials. 2013;03(01):1-14. doi:10.4236/gm.2013.31001
24. Indrayana IPT. Review Fe3O4 dari Pasir Besi: Sintesis, Karakterisasi, dan Fungsionalisasi hingga Aplikasinya dalam Bidang Nanoteknologi Maju. Jurnal UNIERA. 2019;8(2):65-75.
25. Götz W, Tobiasch E, Witzleben S, Schulze M. Effects of silicon compounds on biomineralization, osteogenesis, and hard tissue formation. Pharmaceutics. 2019;11(3):117-144. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics11030117
26. Costantino M, Marongiu MB, Russomanno G, Conti V, Manzo V, Filippelli A. Sulphureous mud-bath therapy and changes in blood pressure: Observational investigation. Clinica Terapeutica. 2015;166(4):151-157. doi:10.7417/CT.2015.1861
27. Hartinah D, Sofyan A, Siswanto, Syafiq A. The Effect of Hydrotherapy on Blood Pressure of The Hypertensive Patients in Public Hospital of RA. Kartini Jepara. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2019 – Health Science and Nursing (IcoSIHSN 2019). 2019:96-99. doi:10.2991/icosihsn-19.2019.22
28. Nu’im Haiya N, Ardian I, Luthfa I. Hydroterapy in Influencing The Changes of Elderly Blood Pressure. Internationalization of Islamic Higher Education Institutions Toward Global Competitiven. 2018;(2014):420-424. https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/bksptis/article/view/3602
29. ErcegRukavina T, Stefanovski M. Effects of Sulphate-Sulphide Mineral Water “Mlječanica” in Patients with Hypertension. Materia Socio Medica. 2014;26(6):364-365. doi:10.5455/msm.2014.26.364-365
30. Wang PC, Song QC, Chen CY, Su TC. Cardiovascular physiological effects of balneotherapy: focused on seasonal differences. Hypertension Research. 2023;46(7):1650-1661. doi:10.1038/s41440-023-01248-4
31. Protano C, Vitali M, De Giorgi A, Marotta D, Crucianelli S, Fontana M. Balneotherapy using thermal mineral water baths and dermatological diseases: a systematic review. Int J Biometeorol. 2024(68):1005-1013. doi:10.1007/s00484-024-02649-x
32. Gálvez I, Torres-Piles S, Ortega-Rincón E. Balneotherapy, immune system, and stress response: A hormetic strategy? Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(6):1687-1706. doi:10.3390/ijms19061687
33. Fioravanti A, Bacaro G, Giannitti C, et al. One-year follow-up of mud-bath therapy in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, single-blind controlled trial. Int J Biometeorol. 2015;59(9):1333-1343. doi:10.1007/s00484-014-0943-0
34. Verhagen AP, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Boers M, et al. Balneotherapy (or spa therapy) for rheumatoid arthritis. An abridged version of Cochrane Systematic Review. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2015;51(6): 833-847. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26158921/
35. Boecker H, Sprenger T, Spilker ME, et al. The runner’s high: Opioidergic mechanisms in the human brain. Cerebral Cortex. 2008;18(11): 2523-2531. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn013
36. Schoenfeld TJ, Swanson C. A runner’s high for new neurons? Potential role for endorphins in exercise effects on adult neurogenesis. Biomolecules. 2021;11(8). doi:10.3390/biom11081077
37. Robbins J. Ecopsychology: How Immersion in Nature Benefits Your Health. Yale Environment 360. 2017. https://e360.yale.edu/features/ecopsychology-how-immersion-in-nature-benefits-your-health
38. Jimenez MP, Deville N V., Elliott EG, et al. Associations between nature exposure and health: A review of the evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(9):4790-4809. doi:10.3390/ijerph18094790
39. Wen Y, Yan Q, Pan Y, Gu X, Liu Y. Medical empirical research on forest bathing (Shinrin-yoku): A systematic review. Environ Health Prev Med. 2019;24(1):70-91. doi:10.1186/s12199-019-0822-8
40. Piva G, Caruso L, Gómez AC, et al. Effects of forest walking on physical and mental health in elderly populations: a systematic review. Rev Environ Health. 2022:39(1):121-136. doi:10.1515/reveh-2022-0093
41. Oh B, Lee KJ, Zaslawski C, et al. Health and well-being benefits of spending time in forests: Systematic review. Environ Health Prev Med. 2017;22(1):71-82. doi:10.1186/s12199-017-0677-9
Penulis
Nur’aeni, N. N., Anggraeni, S. R., Pebrianti, S., & Nursiswati, N. (2024). THE EFFECTS OF SEA SAND THERAPY ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND PULSE RATE. JURNAL RISET KESEHATAN POLTEKKES DEPKES BANDUNG, Online ISSN 2579-8103, 17(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v17i1.2625
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