PENGGUNAAN EAR PLUG EFEKTIF MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS TIDUR PASIEN ICU: STUDI PROSPEKTIF
Abstract
Sleep disturbances often occur in patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and can affect their clinical recovery. Previous research indicates that sleep disturbances in ICU patients are often caused by environmental factors, such as noise in the ICU environment. Simple interventions, such as the use of ear plugs, may help reduce sleep disturbances caused by the ICU environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using ear plugs in improving the sleep quality of patients in the ICU. The research design used is a pre-experimental design. The sample consisted of 45 respondents who met the criteria of patients admitted to the ICU for a minimum of 3 days, aged over 18 years, and not pregnant. Respondents were given ear plug intervention before bedtime for 2 days. Sleep quality measurements were taken twice using the Richard Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ), before and after 2 days of ear plug intervention. The results showed that the use of ear plugs significantly improved the sleep quality of patients in the ICU. Sleep quality scores, measured using RCSQ, showed a significant increase after the ear plug intervention. This indicates that patients tend to experience better, more restful sleep and are less disturbed by environmental disturbances around the ICU after using ear plugs.
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References
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22. Farrehi PM, Clore KR, Scott JR, Vanini G, Clauw DJ. Efficacy of Sleep Tool Education During Hospitalization: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Medicine. 2016;129(12):1329.e9-1329.e17. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.001
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24. Waladani B, Setianingsih E, Sofiana J. Factors Affecting the Sleep Quality of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit | Babali Nursing Research. Published online November 30, 2022. Accessed December 7, 2022. https://babalinursingresearch.com/index.php/BNR/article/view/194
25. Beck Edvardsen J, Hetmann F. Promoting Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit. SAGE Open Nursing. 2020;6:2377960820930209. doi:10.1177/2377960820930209
26. Brito RA, do Nascimento Rebouças Viana SM, Beltrão BA, de Araújo Magalhães CB, de Bruin VMS, de Bruin PFC. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to promote sleep in intensive care units: a critical review. Sleep Breath. 2020;24(1):25-35. doi:10.1007/s11325-019-01902-7
27. Younis MB, Hayajneh F, Rubbai Y. Factors influencing sleep quality among Jordanian intensive care patients. Br J Nurs. 2020;29(5):298-302. doi:10.12968/bjon.2020.29.5.298
28. Kamdar BB, Needham DM, Collop NA. Sleep Deprivation in Critical Illness: Its Role in Physical and Psychological Recovery. J Intensive Care Med. 2012;27(2):97-111. doi:10.1177/0885066610394322
29. Dorsch JJ, Martin JL, Malhotra A, Owens RL, Kamdar BB. Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit: Strategies for Improvement. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;40(5):614-628. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1698378
30. McPeake J, Forrest E, Quasim T, Kinsella J, O’Neill A. Health and social consequences of an alcohol-related admission to critical care: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(4):e009944. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009944
31. Menear A, Elliott R, M Aitken L, Lal S, McKinley S. Repeated sleep-quality assessment and use of sleep-promoting interventions in ICU. Nursing in Critical Care. 2017;22(6):348-354. doi:10.1111/nicc.12315
32. Sterniczuk R, Rusak B, Rockwood K. Sleep disturbance in older ICU patients. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2014;9:969-977. doi:10.2147/CIA.S59927
2. Delaney LJ, Van Haren F, Lopez V. Sleeping on a problem: the impact of sleep disturbance on intensive care patients - a clinical review. Annals of Intensive Care. 2015;5(1):3. doi:10.1186/s13613-015-0043-2
3. Altman MT, Knauert MP, Pisani MA. Sleep Disturbance after Hospitalization and Critical Illness: A Systematic Review. Annals ATS. 2017;14(9):1457-1468. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201702-148SR
4. Dobing S, Frolova N, McAlister F, Ringrose J. Sleep Quality and Factors Influencing Self-Reported Sleep Duration and Quality in the General Internal Medicine Inpatient Population. PLOS ONE. 2016;11(6):e0156735. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156735
5. Bani Younis M, Hayajneh F, Alshraideh JA. Effect of noise and light levels on sleep of intensive care unit patients. Nursing in Critical Care. 2021;26(2):73-78. doi:10.1111/nicc.12490
6. Alsulami G, Rice AM, Kidd L. Prospective repeated assessment of self-reported sleep quality and sleep disruptive factors in the intensive care unit: acceptability of daily assessment of sleep quality. BMJ Open. 2019;9(6):e029957. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029957
7. Chen CJ, Hsu LN, McHugh G, Campbell M, Tzeng YL. Predictors of Sleep Quality and Successful Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation Among Patients in Respiratory Care Centers. Journal of Nursing Research. 2015;23(1):65. doi:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000066
8. Al Mutair A, Shamsan A, AlFaqiri A, Al-Omari A. Intensive Care Unit Patients’ Perception of Sleep Quality and Factors of Sleep Disruption: Cross-sectional Study. Dr Sulaiman Al Habib Med J. 2019;1(1):30-35. doi:10.2991/dsahmj.k.190530.001
9. Yazdannik AR, Zareie A, Hasanpour M, Kashefi P. The effect of earplugs and eye mask on patients’ perceived sleep quality in intensive care unit. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 2014;19(6):673.
10. Komninou MA, Egli S, Rossi A, et al. Former smoking, but not active smoking, is associated with delirium in postoperative ICU patients: a matched case-control study. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1347071
11. Reinke L, Haveman M, Horsten S, et al. The importance of the intensive care unit environment in sleep—A study with healthy participants. Journal of Sleep Research. 2020;29(2):e12959. doi:10.1111/jsr.12959
12. Waladani B, Yuniar I, Setianingsih E, Rahmah NN, Yunita I. Application of Pain Scale Assessment in Patients Attached Mechanical Ventilator in Intensive Care Unit. In: Atlantis Press; 2021:332-336. doi:10.2991/ahsr.k.210115.070
13. Locihová H, Axmann K, Padyšáková H, Fejfar J. Effect of the use of earplugs and eye mask on the quality of sleep in intensive care patients: a systematic review. Journal of Sleep Research. 2018;27(3):e12607. doi:10.1111/jsr.12607
14. Wang S, Xin HN, Chung Lim Vico C, et al. Effect of an ICU diary on psychiatric disorders, quality of life, and sleep quality among adult cardiac surgical ICU survivors: a randomized controlled trial. Crit Care. 2020;24(1):81. doi:10.1186/s13054-020-2797-7
15. Pisani MA, Friese RS, Gehlbach BK, Schwab RJ, Weinhouse GL, Jones SF. Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;191(7):731-738. doi:10.1164/rccm.201411-2099CI
16. Naik RD, Gupta K, Soneja M, Elavarasi A, Sreenivas V, Sinha S. Sleep Quality and Quantity in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2018;22(6):408-414. doi:10.4103/ijccm.IJCCM_65_18
17. Daou M, Telias I, Younes M, Brochard L, Wilcox ME. Abnormal Sleep, Circadian Rhythm Disruption, and Delirium in the ICU: Are They Related? Front Neurol. 2020;11. doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.549908
18. Beltrami FG, Nguyen XL, Pichereau C, Maury E, Fleury B, Fagondes S. Sleep in the intensive care unit. J bras pneumol. 2015;41:539-546. doi:10.1590/S1806-37562015000000056
19. Bernat Adell MD, Galarza Barrachina L, Bisbal Andrés E, et al. Factors affecting sleep quality in Intensive Care Units. Medicina Intensiva (English Edition). 2021;45(8):470-476. doi:10.1016/j.medine.2021.08.011
20. Ding Q, Redeker NS, Pisani MA, Yaggi HK, Knauert MP. Factors Influencing Patients’ Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit: Perceptions of Patients and Clinical Staff. American Journal of Critical Care. 2017;26(4):278-286. doi:10.4037/ajcc2017333
21. Knauert MP, Haspel JA, Pisani MA. Sleep Loss and Circadian Rhythm Disruption in the Intensive Care Unit. Clinics in Chest Medicine. 2015;36(3):419-429. doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2015.05.008
22. Farrehi PM, Clore KR, Scott JR, Vanini G, Clauw DJ. Efficacy of Sleep Tool Education During Hospitalization: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Medicine. 2016;129(12):1329.e9-1329.e17. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.08.001
23. Choi J, Hoffman LA, Schulz R, et al. Self-Reported Physical Symptoms in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Survivors: Pilot Exploration Over Four Months Post-ICU Discharge. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2014;47(2):257-270. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.03.019
24. Waladani B, Setianingsih E, Sofiana J. Factors Affecting the Sleep Quality of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit | Babali Nursing Research. Published online November 30, 2022. Accessed December 7, 2022. https://babalinursingresearch.com/index.php/BNR/article/view/194
25. Beck Edvardsen J, Hetmann F. Promoting Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit. SAGE Open Nursing. 2020;6:2377960820930209. doi:10.1177/2377960820930209
26. Brito RA, do Nascimento Rebouças Viana SM, Beltrão BA, de Araújo Magalhães CB, de Bruin VMS, de Bruin PFC. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to promote sleep in intensive care units: a critical review. Sleep Breath. 2020;24(1):25-35. doi:10.1007/s11325-019-01902-7
27. Younis MB, Hayajneh F, Rubbai Y. Factors influencing sleep quality among Jordanian intensive care patients. Br J Nurs. 2020;29(5):298-302. doi:10.12968/bjon.2020.29.5.298
28. Kamdar BB, Needham DM, Collop NA. Sleep Deprivation in Critical Illness: Its Role in Physical and Psychological Recovery. J Intensive Care Med. 2012;27(2):97-111. doi:10.1177/0885066610394322
29. Dorsch JJ, Martin JL, Malhotra A, Owens RL, Kamdar BB. Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit: Strategies for Improvement. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;40(5):614-628. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1698378
30. McPeake J, Forrest E, Quasim T, Kinsella J, O’Neill A. Health and social consequences of an alcohol-related admission to critical care: a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2016;6(4):e009944. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009944
31. Menear A, Elliott R, M Aitken L, Lal S, McKinley S. Repeated sleep-quality assessment and use of sleep-promoting interventions in ICU. Nursing in Critical Care. 2017;22(6):348-354. doi:10.1111/nicc.12315
32. Sterniczuk R, Rusak B, Rockwood K. Sleep disturbance in older ICU patients. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2014;9:969-977. doi:10.2147/CIA.S59927
Authors
Waladani, B., Utami, W., & Ernawati, E. (2024). PENGGUNAAN EAR PLUG EFEKTIF MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS TIDUR PASIEN ICU: STUDI PROSPEKTIF . JURNAL RISET KESEHATAN POLTEKKES DEPKES BANDUNG, 16(2), 641–649. https://doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v16i2.2591
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