THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING (HIIT) ON WEIGHT LOSS AND METABOLIC PARAMETERS: A SCOPING REVIEW

Farid Rahman; Firdho Muchdi Alwidian Anom

doi:10.34011/juriskesbdg.v17i2.2947

Authors

Farid Rahman Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia
Firdho Muchdi Alwidian Anom Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34011/juriskesbdg.v17i2.2947

Keywords:

latihan interval, kesehatan metabolik, komposisi tubuh, obesitas, VO₂maks

Abstract

Obesitas merupakan permasalahan kesehatan global yang terus meningkat, dengan prevalensi yang signifikan di Indonesia. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) muncul sebagai metode latihan yang efisien dalam menurunkan berat badan dan memperbaiki kesehatan metabolik. Studi ini merupakan scoping review yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas HIIT dalam menurunkan berat badan pada individu dengan kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui lima basis data utama (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, ProQuest, dan EBSCO), menghasilkan 20 studi intervensi dengan total 1.184 partisipan. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa HIIT secara signifikan menurunkan massa lemak tubuh, meningkatkan VO₂maks, memperbaiki indeks massa tubuh (BMI), serta meningkatkan komposisi tubuh. Protokol HIIT yang efektif berkisar antara 80–95% VO₂maks, dengan durasi latihan 10–45 menit per sesi dan frekuensi 2–5 kali per minggu. Selain peningkatan efektivitas metabolik, HIIT juga terbukti meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap latihan melalui durasi yang lebih singkat dan intens. Meski demikian, heterogenitas protokol dan variasi respons individu menjadi keterbatasan dalam generalisasi hasil. HIIT dapat direkomendasikan sebagai strategi latihan non-farmakologis untuk pengelolaan berat badan. Pendekatan ini juga efektif dalam pencegahan penyakit metabolik secara individual maupun populasi.

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